Biography:

Professor Jaleel Kareem Ahmed has expertise in evaluation in Iron and steel industry . He registered 3 patents in USA , UK and Iraq about using water in iron industry and wax for storage and transportation of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI) , and using wax for carburizing of steel. Also he used chlorophyll as gamma ray absorber to protect Iraqi children from cancer . He used the mechanically red beet juice as scavenger for poisonous heavy metal ions and anticancer and detoxification of urea and uric acid from human body via urine system . In 2013 he was awarded Scientific Medal from Iraqi Government .

In 2014 I qualified as a member in Who is Who network. I has been Serving as a reviewer of Journal of Advances in Polymer Technology / Thomson Reuters . He took part in 2016 & 2017 for Quality Star (QS ) World University Ranking Supplement for the QS Intelligence Unit .

Abstract:

Effects of Natural Pigments on the Polyvinyl Alcohol Biopolymer

Jaleel Kareem Ahmed , Zuhair J. Abdulamer , Maha Jasim Mohamed Al-Bahate  University of Babylon – Iraq

            This research focus on the effects of extracted natural pigments                          ( chlorophyll and anthocyanin ) on the secondary ( Engineering ) bonds in the polyvinyl alcohol ( PVA ) which play an important role on the physical and chemical properties of polymer . Natural pigments extracted from plants by a simple methods and showed a good agreement with the standard one which characterized by ultraviolet – visible spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared ( FTIR ). The blend of PVA with pigments where characterized by FTIR , differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) , hardness , and density . Hardness of the PVA decreases with the concentration of chlorophyll which indicate it is a perfect plasticizer while anthocyanin showed weak effect , while density of blend showed decreasing by chlorophyll more than that with anthocyanin . This is due to the many hydroxyl groups in both polymer and anthocyanin result in strong hydrogen bonding interactions .

            Results showed that anthocyanin showed higher depression in glass transition temperature ( T_g ) of PVA than do chlorophyll due to many hydroxyl groups in anthocyanin which rupture the secondary bonds of PVA as well as anthocyanin more polar and has exchangeable proton comparing with chlorophyll . The energies provided by the pigments to destroy the second bonds as a function of pigments concentration ( depressed in T_g values ) are shown in the following table

Pigment	Glass transition temperature (Ëšc )	Given energy by added pigments ( kJ mol-1 )
Pure PVA	75.3	------
3% chlorophyll	73.1	1.67
7% chlorophyll	73.4	1.39
3% anthocyanin	74	0.95
7% anthocyanin	61.3	10.1

 

From the above table , it seems that pigments providing small amounts of energy to depress T_g of the PVA biopolymer .